What are the various types periodontitis

Types of Periodontitis

The disease periodontitis can be sub classified in to following three major types based on clinical, radiographic historical, and laboratory characteristics.

Chronic periodontitis

The following characteristics are common to patients with chronic periodontitis: .

• Prevalent in adults but can occur in children

• Amount of destruction consistent with local factors

• Associated with a variable microbial pattern

• Subgingival calculus frequently found

• Slow to moderate rate of progression with possible periods of rapid progression

• Possibly modified by or associated with the following: systemic disease such as diabetes mellitus and HIV infection

Local factors predisposing to periodontitis, environmental factors such as cigarette smoking and emotional stress. Chronic periodontitis may be further sub classified in to localized and generalized forms and characterized as slight, moderate, or sever based on the common features described above and the following specific features:

Local form: <30% of sites involved
Generalized form: >30% of sites involved
Slight: 1 to 2 mm of clinical attachment loss
Severe:> 5 mm of clinical attachment of loss

Aggressive periodontitis

The following characteristics are common to patients with aggressive periodontitis:

• Otherwise clinically healthy patient

• Rapid attachment loss and bone destruction

• Amount of microbial deposits inconsistent with disease severity

• Familial aggregation of diseased individuals

The Following characteristics are common but not universal :

• Diseased sites infected with Actinobacillus actinomycetemcomitans

• Abnormalities in phagocyte function

• Hyperresponsive Macrophages, producing increased

• In some cases, self arresting disease progression Aggressive
periodontitis may be further classified in to localized and generalized forms based on the common features described here and the following specific features: .

Localized Form:

• Circumpubertal onset of disease

• Localized first molar or incisor disease with proximal attachment loss on at least two permanent teeth, one of which is a first molar

• Robust serum antibody responses to infecting agents

Generalized Form:

• Usually affecting persons under 30 years of age

• Generalized proximal attachment loss affecting at least three teeth other than first molars and incisors

• Pronounced episodic nature of periodontal destruction

• Poor serum antibody response to infecting agents

Periodontitis as a Manifestation of Systemic Diseases:

Periodontitis may be observed as a manifestation of the following systemic disease:

1. Hematologic Disorders

• Acquired neutropenia

• Leukemias

• Other

2. Genetic Disorders

• Familial And cyclic Neutropenia

• Down Syndrome

• Leukocyte adhesion deficiency syndromes

• Papillon lefevre syndrome

• Chediak Higashi Syndrome

• Histicytosis syndrome

• Glycogen Storage Disease

• Infantile Genetic Agranulocytosis

• Cohen syndrome

• Ehlers Danlos Syndrome

• Hypophosphatasia

• Other

3. Not Others Specified

 

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